Tumors of the Spinal Column

The spinal cord is contained in a rigid bony structure (the spinal column), so that any abnormal growth, whether benign or malignant, can place pressure on this very sensitive structure and impair its function. The most common type of spinal tumor is the metastatic tumor. Spinal metastases occur in 5% of cancer patients and usually involve the bones of the spine. As they enlarge, tumors growing in the bones of the spine may press on the spinal cord or on nerve roots. Tumors that originate in the spinal cord are called primary tumors.

Most primary tumors are caused by out-of-control growth of cells that surround and support nerve cells. The cause of most primary tumors remains a big unknown. Spinal tumor symptoms include pain, changes in sensation, motor weakness in the extremities and bowel and bladder control problems. The first test to diagnose brain and spinal column tumors is a neurological examination. Imaging techniques, including plain x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are also very helpful.

For more information, click on the "Types of Spine Tumors" or "Treatment Options" links above.